Nikah (نِکَاح), or Islamic marriage, is not merely a legal agreement it is a sacred covenant and a Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. It represents a union that encompasses love, mercy, tranquility, and spiritual growth. The discourse titled "Nikah" by Hazrat Moulana AbdulHamid Is’haq Saheb, published by Akhtari Publications, offers deep insights into the Islamic perspective on marriage. This article brings to light the key teachings of the book to help readers understand the spiritual, social, and emotional dimensions of Nikah in Islam.
1. One Sunnah: Marriage as a Practice of the Prophet ﷺ
Marriage is strongly emphasized in Islam. It is not just encouraged but also considered a Sunnah. By marrying, a believer follows the path of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, who said:
“Marriage is my Sunnah, and whoever does not follow my Sunnah has nothing to do with me.” (Ibn Majah)
This statement underlines the spiritual reward and the religious importance of Nikah.
2. A Principle of Tasawwuf in Marriage
Tasawwuf (Islamic spirituality) teaches purification of the soul. Marriage serves as a training ground for patience, compassion, and humility—core aspects of Tasawwuf. In Nikah, a person learns to prioritize others over self, thus polishing inner character and spiritual discipline.
3. The First Ayah: Quranic Foundation of Nikah
The first ayah often cited in marriage khutbahs (sermons) is from Surah An-Nisa:
“O mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single soul…” (Qur’an 4:1)
This verse lays the foundation of unity, equality, and mutual rights in marriage. It also reminds couples of their shared origin and responsibilities toward each other.
4. Signs of Allah in Nikah
Allah says in Surah Ar-Rum:
“And among His signs is this: that He created for you spouses from among yourselves…” (Qur’an 30:21)
Marriage is one of Allah’s great signs, signifying peace, love, and spiritual harmony. Recognizing this can make Nikah a path toward understanding Allah’s mercy.
5. The Object of Nikah
The true purpose of Nikah goes beyond physical desires. According to Hazrat Moulana, the objectives include:
- Preserving chastity
- Creating a family
- Providing companionship
- Gaining tranquility (Sukoon)
- Upholding the Sunnah
It is a bond designed for both worldly benefit and eternal reward.
6. Example of Happiness in Marriage
Islamic history is filled with examples of joyful, respectful marriages. One notable example is the relationship between the Prophet ﷺ and Khadijah (RA). Their marriage was built on mutual respect, loyalty, and unwavering support an ideal model for every Muslim couple.
7. Love Marriages and Arranged Marriages in Islam
Islam does not prohibit love marriages as long as they are within Shari’ah boundaries. The emphasis is on compatibility, consent, and morality. While arranged marriages are common in Muslim societies, Islam prioritizes the will and willingness of both partners:
“A woman cannot be married until her permission is sought.” (Bukhari)
8. Our Duty to Allah and His Promise
When a marriage is grounded in obedience to Allah, His help and barakah (blessings) follow. Couples are encouraged to:
- Perform Salah together
- Recite Qur’an
- Avoid unlawful behavior
- Make du'a for each other
Allah promises tranquility and mercy for those who maintain piety within marriage.
9. Today’s Marriage: Challenges and Solutions
Modern-day marriages face many challenges ego, materialism, impatience, and lack of communication. The book stresses returning to Islamic values such as:
- Simplicity in marriage ceremonies
- Fulfilling roles with sincerity
- Respecting each other’s rights
- Prioritizing forgiveness and understanding
10. The Islamic Marriage System
Islamic marriage is built on mutual rights and responsibilities. The husband is a protector and provider, while the wife is a partner, nurturer, and guardian of the home. Both are accountable before Allah.
A key ayah here is:
“They are garments for you, and you are garments for them.” (Qur’an 2:187)
This emphasizes intimacy, protection, and support.
11. Mawaddah and Rahmah: Love and Mercy
The Qur'an beautifully mentions that Allah places Mawaddah (love) and Rahmah (mercy) between spouses. These elements are vital for a lasting relationship. Even when love fades due to worldly stress, mercy should remain as the glue that binds hearts.
12. Talaaq in Islam: A Last Resort
Islam allows divorce (talaaq) but discourages it unless necessary. The Prophet ﷺ said:
“Of all the permissible acts, the most hated by Allah is divorce.” (Abu Dawood)
Islamic law offers a structured, respectful method of divorce while aiming for reconciliation. Emotional, financial, and spiritual aspects must be considered before making this decision.
13. Misconceptions About Marriage Cleared
A common misconception is that marriage limits personal freedom. On the contrary, Islam teaches that marriage:
- Completes half of a Muslim’s faith
- Protects against sin
- Provides emotional security
- Cultivates a support system
True freedom lies in following divine guidance, not in rebellion against it.
14. Bridge of Sirat and Marriage
The Bridge of Sirat is a reminder that every deed will be accounted for—including how we treat our spouse. Abusing one’s partner, neglecting responsibilities, or breaking trust may be held against a person on the Day of Judgment.
15. Doing the Right Thing in the Right Way
Intentions (niyyah) matter in Islam. A marriage conducted solely for social status or wealth lacks barakah. However, when performed for the sake of Allah, even simple acts like feeding a spouse become a form of worship.
16. Allah’s Intercession for Women
Islam emphasizes the protection and dignity of women. The Prophet ﷺ repeatedly advised kind treatment of wives:
“The best of you are those who are best to their wives.” (Tirmidhi)
This intercession also signifies that oppressing women will not go unnoticed by Allah.
17. The Second Ayah: Marriage and Taqwa
Another foundational verse links marriage with taqwa (God-consciousness). Couples who develop taqwa will:
- Avoid hurting each other
- Be mindful of their speech
- Make decisions for the sake of Allah
- Raise righteous children
18. Explanation of "بِالْمَعْرُوفِ"
This Qur’anic term means to treat one’s spouse in a manner that is known to be good kindness, respect, gentleness, and justice. Islam promotes beautiful character within the household above all else.
19. Added Responsibility of the Husband
The husband bears significant responsibility. He must:
- Provide sustenance
- Be emotionally present
- Lead with humility and compassion
- Maintain Islamic values in the home
Neglecting these duties can lead to breakdowns in the marriage system.
Nikah in Islam is not just a relationship between two individuals—it is a bridge to spiritual growth, a means of fulfilling one’s deen (religion), and a platform to uphold Allah’s commands. By understanding the Qur’anic principles, prophetic teachings, and spiritual insights discussed in Hazrat Moulana AbdulHamid Is’haq Saheb’s discourse, Muslims can build strong, fulfilling, and God-centered marriages.
